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Cosmos (operating system)
Cosmos (C# Open Source Managed Operating System) is an open-source operating system toolkit written primarily in C# as well as small amounts of a high level assembly language called X#. It encompasses an AOT compiler known as IL2CPU to translate Common Intermediate Language (CIL) into native instructions. Cosmos compiles user-made programs and associated libraries using IL2CPU to create a bootable native executable that can be run with no support. The resulting output can be booted from a USB flash drive, CD-ROM, over a network via PXE, or inside a virtual machine. Recent releases also allow deploying to certain x86 embedded devices over USB. While C# is the primary language used by developers (both on the backend and by the users of Cosmos themselves), many CLI languages can be used, provided they compile to pure CIL without the use of P/Invokes. Cosmos is primarily intended for use with .NET Framework, with Mono support in the works.
According to the Cosmos website, Cosmos is a backronym for C# Open Source Managed Operating System, in that the name was chosen before the meaning. Cosmos does not currently aim to become a full operating system, but rather a toolkit to allow other developers to simply and easily build their own operating systems, or as one of the project leaders put it, to act as "operating system Legos". It also functions as an abstraction layer, hiding much of the inner workings of the hardware from the eventual developer.
Older versions of Cosmos were released in "Milestones", with the last being Milestone 5 (released August, 2010). More recently, the project switched to simply naming new releases after the latest commit number. Releases of Cosmos are divided into two types: the "userkit", and the "devkit". The Cosmos "userkit" is a pre-packaged release that is updated every so often, as new and improved features are added. Userkits are generally considered stable. The "devkit" simply refers to the source code of Cosmos, and must be built manually. The devkits are usually unstable as they may contain unfinished or untested code. Most work on Cosmos is currently aimed at improving debugger functionality and Visual Studio integration. Kernel work is focused on implementing file systems, memory management, and developing a reliable network interface. Syslinux serves as the project's bootloader.
==Developing with Cosmos==
Cosmos has many facilities to improve the experience of developing operating systems with it, designed to make the process as fast and painless as possible.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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